Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG

One of the most extensively studied probiotic strains worldwide.

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Key facts
About
Areas studied
Analyses mentioning L. rhamnosus GG
Selected publications
Safety

496linked publications

213randomised trials

Key facts

Rank: Strain
Parent: Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus
Strain code: ATCC 53103
Also called: LGG, L. rhamnosus GG, Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG, Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG ATCC 53103
Type: Bacterium

496linked publications

49meta-analyses & reviews

213randomised trials

11conditions studied

About

Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG), also classified as Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG, is a probiotic bacterial strain originally isolated from the human intestinal microbiota. It is identified by the strain designation ATCC 53103.

LGG has been studied extensively in human and laboratory research, particularly in areas related to gastrointestinal health, microbiome interactions, diarrhea-associated conditions, and immune responses. The number of publications reflects research activity rather than a direct measure of clinical effectiveness.

Research has investigated several biological characteristics of LGG, including survival through gastrointestinal conditions, adhesion properties, interaction with intestinal epithelial cells, and communication with host immune pathways.

Areas studied

Atopic dermatitis 23 studies
Irritable bowel syndrome 23 studies
Antibiotic-associated diarrhea 21 studies
Inflammatory bowel disease 16 studies
Necrotizing enterocolitis 16 studies
Constipation 14 studies
Obesity 11 studies
Ulcerative colitis 11 studies
Infant colic 3 studies
Clostridioides difficile infection 2 studies

Analyses mentioning L. rhamnosus GG

Not graded

Does Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG reduce the incidence of diarrhea?

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Selected publications

Study	Type	Year
Systematic review and meta-analysis on probiotics as treatment for food allergies among pediatric patients: A 2024 update. Pediatric allergy and immunology : official publication of the European Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology	Meta-analysis	2025
The effects of GG supplementation on gastrointestinal and respiratory outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Food & function	Meta-analysis	2025
A systematic review of the beneficial effects of prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics on ADHD. Neuropsychopharmacology reports	Systematic review	2024
Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG as a probiotic for preterm infants: a strain specific systematic review and meta-analysis. European journal of clinical nutrition	Meta-analysis	2024
Probiotics for management of functional abdominal pain disorders in children. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews	Meta-analysis	2023
Trimethylamine N-oxide reduction is related to probiotic strain specificity: A systematic review. Nutrition research (New York, N.Y.)	Systematic review	2022

Showing 6 of 496 linked publications, highest evidence first.

Safety

LGG is one of the best-characterized probiotic strains in scientific literature. Safety and effectiveness can depend on the population studied, dosage, formulation, and specific health context.